The Radical Idea of Marrying for Love Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Radical Idea of Marrying for Love - Essay ExampleIn the past, just like it is today, love reigned in the lovers hearts. However, unlike today, it was everlastingly seen as a phenomenon very distant from love and mostly a threat to the societal order. Precedence was given to the peoples obligation to non moreover their extended families, but also to the society in general and the creator. As such, love was perceived as a big interference. For instance, during the twelfth and 13th centuries in Europe, there was a strict distinction between love and marriage. Those with desires to express their true love or intimacy could only do that by adultery since marriage was purposefully instituted to fulfill obligations. There is a good example in one love story that involved a theologist (Peter Aberlard) and a mistress (Heloise). Heloise declined Aberlards proposal to marry her in secret because that would put her reputation in jeopardy. For her, marriage would not only harm his life story but also undermine their love (Coontz, 132).In most societies (for example, Greeks, Romans, Christians, and Muslims), people despised those lovers who publicly expressed their love for each otherwise. Such an act was not only sinful but also drew people away from God. For Christian theologians, married partners who had too much love and affection for each other were seen idol worshippers. In addition, it is still considered bad, in Cameroon, to express intense love for your partner, since it is believed that this isolates couples from the rest of the society (Coontz, 132). And for those societies in India as well as Europe, it was believed that love could only exist after marriage. A well-matched couple and one with financial stability would eventually see partners experiencing a perfect love for each other. Love was considered as a benefit, and therefore, any marriage built on it would inevitably lead to sadness in life. Today, an ideal marriage is totally different.

The courts decisions over the last twenty-five years or so reveal a Essay

The courts decisions over the last twenty-five years or so reveal a remarkably confusing approach to the purpose of cross-examination under s.1(f)(ii) Criminal - Essay Example(ii) he has personally or by his recommend asked questions of the witnesses for the prosecution with a view to establish his own good character, or has given demonstrate of his good character, or the nature or conduct of the defense reaction is such as to involve imputations on the character of the prosecutor or the witnesses for the prosecution or the deceased victim of the alleged crimeThe intention of the execution was to ban the prosecution from cross examining a defendant on previous convictions, previous crimes they had committed and any evidence of bad character. The insertion of s1(f) (ii) removed the justifiedly not to be cross examined if the accused has attempted through his defence counsel to attack the character of the witness in order to diminish their evidence against him. This form of attack was frequently employed in rape cases where the defence would often resort to questioning the victim regarding their previous sexual experiences. According to Bohner et al (1998) part of the reason why rape is so infrequently reported is due to the stereotypic beliefs about rape that blame the victim and exonerate the raper.It was always intended that the judge would have the discretionary power to refuse to allow the defendant to be cross examined on their previous convictions, but in reality this has very rarely happened1.Up until the recent introduction of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 bad character evidence of an accused was admissible further if the evidence could be regarded as similar fact evidence. This meant that the prosecution had to show that the defendant had committed similar crimes, using a similar method, in the one-time(prenominal) in order for these to be adduced in court. The impact of the 2003 Act has extended the similar fact requirement such that a propensi ty towards a particular(a) offence can be adduced to demonstrate the guilt of the accused.

Agriculture in India Essay Essay Example for Free

Agriculture in India Essay EssayIndia ranks second demesnewide in farm output. Agriculture and allied firmaments like forestry, enter and fishing accounted for 18.6% of the GDP in 2005, employed 60% of the total workforce7 and despite a steady decline of its share in the GDP, is still the largest economic sector and plays a significant role in the overall socio-economic development of India. Yields per unit area of all crops have grown since 1950, due to the special emphasis fixed on cultivation in the five-year plans and steady improvements in irrigation, technology, application of modern agricultural practices and provision of agricultural credit and subsidies since the green revolution. citation neededIndia is the largest producer in the world of milk, cashew nuts, coconuts, tea, ginger, turmeric and black pepper.8 It also has the worlds largest cattle population (193 million).9 It is the second largest producer of wheat, rice, sugar, groundnut and inland fish.10 It is th e third largest producer of tobacco.10 India accounts for 10% of the world harvest-feast production with first rank in the production of banana and sapota.10The required level of investment for the development of marketing, storage and cold storage infrastructure is estimated to be huge. The government has implemented various schemes to raise investment in marketing infrastructure. Among these schemes are Construction of Rural Go downs, Market Research and Information Network, and learning / Strengthening of Agricultural Marketing Infrastructure, Grading and Standardization.11Main problems in the agricultural sector, as listed by the World Bank, are12* Indias large agricultural subsidies are hampering productivity-enhancing investment. * Overregulation of factory farm has increased costs, price risks and uncertainty. * Government interventions in labour, land, and credit markets. * Inadequate infrastructure and services.Research and developmentThe Indian Agricultural Research Ins titute (IARI), established in 1905, was responsible for the look leading to the Indian Green Revolution of the 1970s. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) is the apex body in kundiure and related allied fields, including research and education.13 The Union Minister of Agriculture is the President of the ICAR. The Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute develops new techniques for the design of agricultural experiments, analyses data in agriculture, and specializes in statistical techniques for animal and plant breeding. Prof. M.S. Swaminathan is known as Father of the Green Revolution and heads the MS Swaminathan Research Foundation.14 He is known for his advocacy of environmentally sustainable agriculture and sustainable food security.

Surviving influences with sense of self Essay Example for Free

Surviving influences with maven of self EssayAlthough many bulk play to envisage that media and advertising are two of the worst culprits that are destroying good moral values, what is right and wrong has always been a subject of debate in bill depending on who perceives it. The cowboys and the Indians both had reasons to live in the same territory but had to fight for their rights. Western conventional medicine dominated the east but Westerners enforce Chinese Traditional Medicine. It is non very easy to see what is right or wrong and even if one does perceive what is correct, there is no see that he or she will do the proper thing. Ones strength of char forgeer and moral values are needed to establish a sense of self that will fight the bad influence that society usually promotes. It is very easy to influence someone with lamentable a poor sense of self. Convincing words and vivid pictures leading to a certain desirable outcome can easily sway someone who lacks backbo ne to do what is being asked. The mind can easily form pictures of what could be desirable and easily sway one to making decisions whether good or bad. Poor self-consciousness can assist advertising in making false promises.In the article entitlight-emitting diode, In the ass of the Image, written by Stuart and Elizabeth Ewen (2006 p. 207), the authors mentioned the disillusionment of Frank moth miller who watched John Wayne movies and got influenced into taking up his own cause against Southeast Asians who simply triggered a bullet on his chest to his dis may. The movies he had watched were meant to move on its audiences self-esteem but it went further to influence Millers way of thinking and perception of other cultural minorities.Due to his poor knowledge of who he really is, he has failed to show respect for others and ultimately based his ego on the outcome of his own cause. According to the Ewens, he felt betrayed by the images he had seen. Miller failed to identify himse lf properly and now feels depressed that he let himself be influenced by Hollywood. He does not realize that it was his own choices that led him to act on film influences. Low self-esteem can be infectious. A person with poor sense of self will rely on a group of people with the same problem to acknowledge a false common factor.Being part of a group can be profitable to boost self-esteem but it can go toward the wrong direction if the group exercises its strength by being prejudiced. Biases can take the form of fell color, the way people talk, or even how people move. Vertamae Smart-Grasvenors essay entitled, When You Meet Estella Smart, You Been Met shows how her grandmother actually overcame the problem of prejudice by relying on her sense of self to perceive what is right and wrong.Instead of giving up eating rice to avoid being the butt of many jokes, she decided to ready justify of nothing that was worth keeping and continued to eat rice and talk like a Southerner in a nort hern community. (232) People with poor self-image endure to cover this flaw by making it look like they are superior compared to others simply because they are in or part of a bigger group. These people tend to look down on others who do not think the same way that they do. Estella Smart had been the object of many condescending comments because she refused to twitch the impractical way of life that her northern community encouraged.Comments such as, Think she is something She aint no better than nobody else (232) are obvious signs of jealousy that could have hurt a person who did not find strength in his own identity. However, for people like Estella Smart who know themselves better, gossiping people can say whatsoever they want for all they care. Another effect of advertising that is truly pushed by poor self-esteem is the fact that people tend to cover up their feelings of risk by buying products to make them feel better.Advertisements prey on peoples insecurities and poor s elf-image to entice its audiences to use their products to boost their self-worth. The Ewens mention a student, Gina Concepcion, who works so hard in their local supermarket just so she can be fashionable and wear Jordache clothing. She thinks that the pants may be very expensive but they fit better and she fits better. (207). Gina obviously bases her self-esteem on how people think about her and her pants. She has become enslaved by her insecurity to belong and had fallen prey to Jordaches advertising scheme.Advertising and media can be very powerful influences in everyday decision-making but the real rout out of the problem lies on ones sense of self. Most people easily fall into the trap of commercials because these ads know how to use their products to cover up for whatever insecurities a person has. If a child had grown up penetrative that he has the power to choose what is good and bad for him (instead of grown ups simply carnal knowledge him to follow instructions), then more people would probably be more resistant to promotional schemes.Knowing that one has the power to direct ones life is essential to help people fight for what they believe in. Without the realization that destiny is simply in ones hands, it becomes easy for humans to get depressed and be suffocated by the many crimes that can often be read on newspapers or seen or heard on the news. Not knowing that one has the power to change things or fight against what is wrong can ultimately develop fear in ones psyche which has led to numerous suicide attempts and successes.Beverly Jacksons suicide incident that the Ewens mentioned, happened only because the woman felt helpless and hopeless. If she had enough sense of self to know that there are many ways to protect and empower ones self against crime, then she could be still alive by now. Advertising and knock down culture can only devour people who have poor self-image. More often than not, commercialisms effects on its victims may not be detected because the brain has been deceived to see great solutions to the insecurities that people have.Only people who have been raised to know that they have the distinct power to sic direction in their lives by using their choices can inevitably resist the temptations that pop culture has in store for every one. Estella Smart knew this and overcame being a domestic helper (which she despised terribly) by learning how to sew during the evenings after her work. (Smart-Grasvenor 232) It all boils down to how people have been raised. Advertising and media have been goons that continue to view mans choices and ways of life. However, the reason behind this success rests on poor self-image.If people learn to develop the power that is within them and use them to do what is good, then pop culture would diminish. It is ones sense of self that can triumph against the negative influence of any culture.Works Cited Ewen, Stuart and Elizabeth Stuart. In the Shadow of the Image. Reading Cul ture. Ed. Diana George and John Trimbur. Place Published Longman, 2006. 205-209. Smart-Grasvenor, Vertamae. When You Meet Estella Smart, You Been Met Reading Culture. Ed. Diana George and John Trimbur. Place Published Longman, 2006. 231-234.

Failure Analysis Strategy Change Essay Example for Free

Failure Analysis Strategy Change EssayMovies have always been a noncurrent time enjoyed by many. As the technology continues to grow, many video stores are going out of employment and digital or online movies are rising in popularity. smash hit Video and Netflix are businesses that have been affected by these changes. blockbuster opened in 1985 with the mission statement of Our corporate mission is to provide our customers with the nigh convenient access to media entertainment, including movie and game entertainment delivered through multiple distribution channels such as our stores, by mail, vending and kiosks, online and at home. We look at smash hit disco biscuits customers a treasure-prices entertainment experience, combining the broad product depth of a specialty retailer with local neighborhood public toilet (Farfan, 2010).Blockbuster go on with the vision statement of At Blockbuster, diversity means valuing differences. Its corporate value that mustiness be c ontinually developed, embraced, and incorporated into the way we do business (Farfan, 2010). Blockbuster operated with more than 7,400 stores worldwide and also operated through 1,600 franchise stores. As technology started to change, customers began streaming movies from the Internet as well as using kiosks, such as Redbox, for movie rentals. Competition became a large factor in Blockbuster and the failing of the federation, but a large part of the failure was overdue to manage changes and misunderstanding of the business as a whole (Dunston, 2014).Blockbuster FailureIn 2006 and 2007, Blockbuster was approached by the CEO of Netflix, Reed Hastings, asking them to seize Netflix. Hastings knew that Netflix had non formulated a plan to stop Blockbuster from stealing their customers, at the rate of a million per year. Blockbuster decided that the fraternity did notneed Netflix because Blockbuster had a stronger and larger growth, but then a change that was never expected happened. A new CEO was named for Blockbuster after a boardroom dispute. The man appointed CEO didnt fully understand the business and what Blockbuster needed in order to bear on above the competition, especially Netflix. The CEO started changing plans for the conjunction and even pulled out the Internet efforts that had been in place for Blockbuster. Within 18 months, 85% of the capital value of the community had been lost within in 2 years, it was completely gone (Dunston, 2014). NetflixNetflix views themselves as freedom of on-demand and the fun of indulgent viewing (Netflix, 2014). Netflix also focuses on the convenience of the no-hassle, online cancellation and offer movies and TV series network. Technology and good leadership is how Netflix became the leader in the industry (Halal, 2010).Netflix executives understood that the emerging technology was rapidly changing the oral communication of movie rentals. CEO, Hastings, developed strategies involving Internet streaming, convenient customer service, and the virtual formation to deliver it cheaply and flawlessly (Halal, 2010). Another part of Netflixs technology dodge was to avoid the burden of having to go to a video store for customers. Customer service is key to a lucky business, so Hastings used a monthly subscription to allow customers to have access to unlimited rentals, including no late fees. Instead of the hassle of renting movies, the focus is providing convenience.With the mission statement and vision of Our substance strategy is to grow our streaming subscription business domestically and globally. We are continually improving the customer experience, with a focus on expanding our streaming content, enhancing our user porthole and extending our streaming service to even more Internet-connected devices, while staying within the parameters of our consolidated net income and operating segment contribution profit targets, shows that the company wants the best for the company as well as their custo mers (Netflix, 2014). NetFlix Organizational TheoriesIn reading many articles online about the success of NETFLIX the two organizational behavior theories that have been seen in this company have been decision-making and system approaches. Netflixs huge decision to become a virtual DVD rental via online instead of going to actual in-store purchases kindred Blockbuster, has set them at the top of the food chain. The technological advances alone for Netflix has change the industry forever, they took the systems approach by understanding the companys input and output fulfil and integrated the drive in developing new adaptive capacities and innovation. Blockbusters organization theory of scientific leadership placed a bulky deal into how the company ran its in store business and how the objectives and decisions were placed within the company. If Blockbuster could focus more on the click feature like how Netflix did, and not dismiss the idea that it would be a revolutionary change i n the industry and within Blockbusters stockholders.Roles of Leadership and ManagementPer Netflix (2014) it has a functional organizational structure, which aims at its functions themselves, rather than by customer segments or regions. They have a CEO Reed Hastings has 6 departments that have managers within them that run it. The organization beyond those 6 managers is not as structured as the top echelon is, they run their departments as they see fit. The CEO has instilled in their managers the management style of Context, not Control (Siegler), implying that very little control is given to employees, rather employees are held responsible for their actions and are expected to work efficiently and independently. Because of this idealists approach to management and how successful the company has been with it, they have found that they have no need to change their management style yet.Organizational value within Netflix has been on promoting the stunning colleagues (Netflix.com, 2014) , and their immensity in a great workplace. They have 9 determine that they show is priority number 1 at Netflix, judgment, impact, curiosity, innovation, courage, passion, honesty and selflessness (Siegler). The basic values that they believe as a company are workplace efficiency, focus on effective over effort, management best practices, retention practices, and large emphasis on a large salary, rather than stock options and bonuses. They believe that thiscreates an environment that promotes productivity, and efficient work environment, which shows in colleague retention and overall happiness at Netflix.Part 2 Leading Organizational ChangeAs the CEO of Blockbuster it is my responsibility to evaluate the organizations structure as well as the berth and political issues within the company. The CEO can be disconnected to what is going on at the operations level of the company if he or she does not put forth the effort to be involved. As the CEO I will be involved in the operatio ns of the company and be a leader employees can look up to. To implement the organizations change I will use a strategy based on John Kotters 8 step plan for change. John Kotters 8 steps are establishing a sense of urgency, forming a powerful guiding coalition, creating a vision, communication the vision, empowering others to act on the vision, planning for and creating short-term wins, consolidating improvements and producing still more changes, institutionalizing new approaches(Mintzberg, Lampel, Quinn 2003).As the CEO of blockbuster I see that technology is changing and we must keep up. If we do not keep up with the technological advances we are doomed to fail. I see the company as a technology company and not just a movie rental company. I do not want Blockbuster to just survive, I want Blockbuster to thrive. Blockbuster will start investing in new internet technologies and streaming services. We will align ourselves with major motion picture studios to ensure that we get the n ewest movies and offer our customers the best services possible. Upper management will actively seek new opportunities and new world markets to expand our services. All employees will be encourage to provide new ideas and mediocrity will not be accepted. Every aspect of the company will be evaluated and our services will provide our customers with the superlative movie streaming value.ReferenceDunston, Dain (2014). When Blockbuster Forgot What Business They Were In. Retrieved from www.daindunston.comFarfan, Barbara (2010). Company Mission Statements Complete List of WorldsLargest Retail Missions. Retrieved from www.retailindustry.about.comHalal, Bill (2010). How Netflix Beat Blockbuster An Exemplar of Emerging Technologies. Retrieved from www.billhalal.comMintzberg, H., Lampel, J., Quinn, J. B. (2003). The Strategy Process Concepts, Contexts, Cases (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice HallNetflix Long Term View (2014). Retrieved from http//ir.netflix.comNetflix Capstone an d Final repute (2014). Retrieved on January 7, 2014. http//mgmtclarity.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/capstone_final_report.pdf

Contraception And The Catholic Church Religion Essay

Contraception And The Catholic church Religion Es check outReligions place in nuance has everlastingly been a tenuous battle in the midst of the liberties society is willing to afford it, and the divine right they claim. More recently religion has come to fill the void between benevolent desire and religion in the wake of inherent greed. The Roman Catholic Church is, perhaps, one of the most driven and commanding religious institutions its claims have always been those of religious enlightenment, a beacon of hope morally guiding society in a being of darkness and hell. On an idyllic level, Catholicism functions as intended for its millions of followers the Church provides a sense of stability and spiritual guidance. save regard little of intent or belief, religion and Catholicism argon flawed they argon human concepts instituted and governed by man, inherently subject to human error and imperfection. Religion in general and particularly the Catholic Church have always cla imed a monopoly on the exposition of transgression and morality, fortifying its role in society as a pillar of hope and faith for all people both good and evil. Yet history has demonstrated that these charges have been repeatedly ab mappingd and misinterpreted, catering to the roleful while often smothering subordinates cries of injustice. Perhaps one of the most staunch and pissed views of the Catholic Church has been their view on contraceptive method until the 1930s Catholicism stood side-by-side with Protestants in their dissenting view on the distribution and mapping of contraception. However with the increase of modern medicine the use of contraception became an acceptable and essentially healthy practice for much of the world. objet dart Protestants recognized the value of contraception and safe-sex, Catholicism calm down refuses to accept its necessary role in society.By the Catholic definition, transgression (otherwise known as sin) is defined as an offence against reason, truth, and right conscience it is a failure in genuine love for God and neighbor caused by a perverse attachment to certain goods (Catholic Pages). Catholicism further splits sin into both categories mortal sin and venial sin. Venial sin is a comparatively mild have of transgression when compared to mortal sin, as its consequence is non unadulterated damnation it is essentially any sin that is committed without the skillful knowledge or intent of the parties involved and is not grave in nature (ONeil). For a transgressive act to be considered a mortal sin, it must fulfill three requirements the matter must be grave, the sin must be committed with full knowledge, and the sin must be committed deliberately (Catholic Pages). Murder, theft, adultery, premarital sex, presence false witness, and the use of contraception are all considered mortal sins in the look of the Catholic Church and are divinely punishable by eternal damnation (Catholic Pages). While there are several acts that unarguably belong in this category, it would seem that several are out of place, the most blatant being contraception. It is important to note that the Catholic definition of sin is neither more nor less legitimate than that of any other denomination it is merely a byproduct of biblical interpretation and human policy. Many argue that one of Catholicisms greatest weapons has been its definition of sin, which has repeatedly been wielded to assert Church authority in matters ranging from warfare and foreign relations to simple public policy disagreements. Contraception, which by biblical reference is rather referred to as Onanism (referring to Onans sin of withdrawal in refusing to impregnate his dead brothers wife, a sin by Jewish faith) has been manipulated similarly to homosexuality (Brohm, Birth Control). The stipulation Sodomy (like Onanism) was also coined by the Catholic Church, as it referred to the men of Sodom and the homosexual acts they committed (Brohm, Birth Control). When an institution holds the power to define what is right, they hold a monopoly on justice and while it may be righteously wielded for a period, basic human nature makes its abuse inherent.Focusing particular(prenominal)ally on the mortal sin of contraception, a practice that has come to be more than a means for inconsequential pleasure, especially in a world of sexually transmitted diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS, the need for its proper distribution and use is more necessary than ever before (particularly in celebrateing the spread of infectious and potentially deadly diseases). The Church has always maintained a firm stance on contraception, lauding it as a violation of natural law (Brohm, Contraception and Sterilization). This opinion can be traced book binding to passages in Genesis But Onan knew that the outlet would not be his so whenever he lay with his brothers wife, he spilled his semen on the ground to keep from producing offspring f or his brother.What he did was wicked in the Lords sight so he put him to death also (Genesis 389-10). However this biblical reference is disputable as Onans use of coitus interruptus (otherwise known as withdrawal) was aimed at preventing the motherhood of his dead brothers wife, with whom he was charged to procreate according to Jewish tradition. It was not merely for the involvement of avoiding pregnancy that Onan acted in such a way he was scarcely trying to avoid creating children for whom he couldnt provide. This single passage forms the earth for the Catholic tilt against contraception. The church also considers the practice of sterilization (just as that of contraception) sinful as the majority of biblical article of belief compiled against contraception does not specifically prohibit protective measures, but rather condemns the practice of sterilization as a defilement of the human body.When examined in context, much of Catholicisms argument against contraception is substantiated by their doctrine and interpretation. Epiphanius of Salamis wrote, They certain Egyptian heretics exercise genital acts, yet prevent the conceiving of children. Not in order to produce offspring, but to satisfy lust, are they eager for corruption (Brohm, Contraception and Sterilization). Epiphanius basis for claiming the Egyptians actions sinful seems to be more a statement against Egyptian culture and peoples (a civilization that was largely under Moslem rule and therefore in demand opposition to Catholicism), than a direct attack on the crime of contraception. It is more a method for the Church to gain control and power over a civilization than a moral statement like the Church often parades it as. This same format of condemnation occurs in the writings of St. Augustine You Manicheans make your auditors adulterers of their wives when they take caveat lest the women with whom they copulate conceive. They take wives according to the laws of matrimony by tablets anno uncing that the marriage is contracted to procreate children and then, fearing because of your law against childbearing. They copulate in a shameful union merely to satisfy lust for their wives (Brohm, Contraception and Sterilization). Again, the substantiation of Augustines argument is based not on the inherent sinfulness of contraception, but rather the transgressive actions of the Manicheans whose own law prevents them from bearing children in certain situations. Both Augustine and Epiphanius highlight an inherent irony that occurs repeatedly in Catholic doctrine the Church adopts a position on an issue, not in the spirit of moral guidance and leadership, but rather as a means of vilifying and defiling societys view of a certain race or civilization (most typically one that was proclaimed heretic or had an outstanding argument with the Catholic Church such as the Manicheans or the Egyptians). By using their power to interpret religious doctrine, the Church was often able to form their policy in a manner that vindicated their cause, while slandering the moral standards of their enemies and dissenters.In recent times the Catholic petition against contraception has focused on the defilement of marriage. The Churchs stance on the unacceptability of premarital sex has always remained firm because it is assumed that contraception is used only within the confines of marital relations. As is tradition, the current Pope Benedict XVI renewed the Catholic Churchs stance against the use of contraception (specifically birth control) in a 2008 Vatican statement calling the policy an important document which addresses one of the essential aspects of the marital vocation and of the specific path of holiness that follows from it (Ertelt). Essentially the current pontiff claims that the use of contraception is an attack on the natural expression of love displayed through the act of procreation. While Pope Benedict XVIs stance on contraception is more rationally defined tha n previous church policy, it still demonstrates a disconnect with modern society. evidently the Church will never promote or endorse multiple sex partners and it is unlikely that their stance on premarital sex will heighten in the near future, however their dissenting position on birth control and contraception suggests a lack of modern day colloquial knowledge. The rule for the use of contraception is far beyond any ancient concepts of marital relations or natural order, the issue is one of public health and world population.Perhaps the most compelling rationale for contraceptive development and use is the current HIV/AIDS pandemic that is sweeping Africa and invading other part of the world. As of 2007 it was estimated that approximately 33 million men, women, and children were afflict by either HIV or AIDS (AVERT). Since 1981 the HIV/AIDS and the subsequent illnesses it causes has killed 25 million people (AVERT). While not all of these numbers can be derived directly from the absence of proper contraceptive measures, a fair majority of those afflicted acquire the disease through unprotected sexual interaction. In Sub-Saharan Africa, where more than 5% of the adult population is afflicted (roughly translating to 22 million people), or so myths suggest the only cure for HIV/AIDS is unprotected intercourse with a virgin child, only further reinforcing the need for contraceptive awareness and education (AVERT). The Catholic Church has always regarded itself as a shelter for the poor, homeless, and otherwise less fortunate however their medieval stance on contraception suggests that they are ignoring the reality of modern times. Catholicism contradicts its own doctrine when it preaches a center of caring for the sick, only to turn and condemn contraception, a practice that could potentially angry walk disease and poverty on a global scale.Even ignoring disease, the proper education and use of contraception still holds the power to improve the standard of financial backing worldwide. There are between 143 million and 210 million orphans worldwide the Catholic Church has always pledged to be an institution that provides hope and shelter for those in need (including the millions of orphans), yet every year hundreds of thousands of unwanted pregnancies result in children being forced onto the streets or into the foster system (Skyward Journey). beat Teresa, 1979 Nobel Peace calculate Winner and one of the most gracious and influential women in the twentieth century, fervently opposed the use of contraception. This is in many ways ironic, as convey Teresas mission centered on caring for the impoverished children of the world. Her humanitarian efforts to promote adoption are legendary, yet in 1988 Oxford conference she stated that she would never vacate a child entrusted to her care to be adopted by a woman who had an abortion or used contraceptives. Such a woman cannot love, she said. (BBC News). Mother Teresas stance on adoption and contraception are inherently contradictory contraception reduces unwanted pregnancies, consequently reducing the number of orphaned children (Mother Teresas mission). Yet to say that contraception is not only a sin, but also a disqualifying characteristic for an adopting mother is (plainly put) ridiculous. There can be no unattackable proof that a woman who chooses to take birth control is incapable of loving such a statement is fundamentally absurd. Mother Teresas opinion regarding contraception identically mirrors that of the Catholic Church as a whole (she was commonly called upon by Pope John Paul II to be an ambassador of Church doctrine), and demonstrates a clear disconnect with the problems facing the modern world.The Church also blatantly ignores the medicinal uses of birth control in their anti-contraceptive convictions. Sex without the consequence of pregnancy is not the only use for the pill women who suffer from irregular and uncommonly painful menstruation periods turn to birth control as a form of relief and regulation. The hormones within the pill act to correct imbalances within some womens biological cycle (an aspect of birth control which Catholicism wholly ignores). This not only makes menstruation more regular and predictable, but it often shortens the total length and decreases the severity of side effects like nausea and cramps. Even the use of birth control for medicinal purposes is generally condemned by the Church, as their doctrine makes no exception or distinction between the medicinal and contraceptive use of the pill (similar to their adamant opposition to abortion, even when it is medically necessary to save an expecting mothers life).Ultimately Catholicisms opinion on contraception has remained static seemingly more for the sake of stubbornness and continuity than actual policy and necessity. With membership, attendance, and giving at an all time low within the Catholic Church (and most sects of Christianity), it would seem that these are a direct response to the stale doctrines and policies that Catholicism clings to in the midst of a dynamic and rapidly developing world. In an age where technology progresses at an exponential pace, humans seem to be searching for spiritual guidance that is as dynamic as the world they live in not simply a regurgitated list of constant reverence and piety that stands unforgiving and unwavering in the face of new opinions and ideals. The Church preaches messages of forgiveness and compassion, is it not compassionate to prevent the conception of an unwanted child, in a world where children are regularly abandoned and orphaned. Catholicism needs to realize the gravity of their policies, millions worldwide look to the Churchs doctrine for guidance and in terms of contraception millions are misled. The same as condemning homosexuality, Catholicisms position on contraception touts those who violate their doctrine as sinners to be looked down, a class below those who are sa ved by their faith. Anyone familiar with the Bible knows that its teachings (and particularly the teachings of Jesus Christ) center on acceptance and love nowhere in the Ten Commandments is it specified thou shall not use contraception but rather love thy neighbor and do not covet they neighbors property are dictated. The basic principles of compassion and the appreciation are taught, not constraint and restriction. The Catholic opinion and fixation with the sins of society ultimately detract from the purpose and message of religion in general its purpose is not to dictate and control the lives of its followers, but rather to support and supplement believers faith, counseling them in times of smother and providing an explanation for those areas which man falls short.

Healthcare Governance and Management

Healthcare Governance and counselingThe healthcare organisation is complex and dynamic. This is because its practices are vital because the healthcare systems are increasingly and consistently facing challenges that if they append no solutions, turmoil happens and lives become signifi drive outtly affected. Berg, M., Black, G. (2014).clinical boldness and management constitute a necessary framework that aids in the continuum of organisational processes in the hunt of well-being and health as collective goals. Berends, L. Crinall, K. (2014), Kickbusch, I. Gleicher, D. (2017) and Ross, F. and et al. (2014).Being mindful of the differences between clinical governance and management is crucial. There must be caution and particular boundaries needed to make sure that governance does not become entangled with management. Berends, L. Crinall, K. (2014). The entire concept of separating health care governor (or board) from healthcare manager can be confusing, but a division of duti es must be established to clarify responsibilities and roles in the execution of the activities. Brennan, N. M., Flynn, M. A. (2013).To begin with, governing and managing are both influencing from a position of authority. Berends, L. Crinall, K. (2014) and Scott, L., upkeepss, A. (2005). And this is where governance and management become different governing is more of putting a competent person into a particular position duration managing is overseeing the operations. (?)Healthcare governance deals with the big business picture of a health organisation it is the body which makes the policies by which the management follows to have standards. It is a system by which managing bodies, managers, clinicians and staff share responsibility and accountability for the quality of care, continuously improving, minimising risks and fostering an environment of excellence in care for patients. Gupte, A., Mclntosh, B., Sheppy, B. (2012) Gottwald, M. Landsdown, G. E. (2014) Herd, G., Musaad , S., Herd, G., Musaad, S. A. (2015).Whereas, management provides the day-to-day activities of order and symmetry of the organisation by following the management process of planning, organising, staffing, directing, and controlling members to ensure that they remain committed to their obligations. Day, G. E., Leggat, S. G. (2015) and Marquis, B. Huston, C. (2012).Multiple published research literature gave different definitions, but it has a common idea that both bodies must have the principles of transparency, participation, responsiveness, equity, efficiency and effectivity, sustainability and accountability in improving the quality of services and patient safety. These principles apply to whatsoever organisation whether local such as Lakes District Health Board or national like Ministry of Health. Gauld, R. Horsburgh, S. (2012), Curran, C., Totten, M. (2010) and Laouer, R. (2011).Separated, different, hierarchal or not clinical governance and health care management both define and identify the plans of the organisation as well as implement and put strategies into actions to achieve goals. Kumar, S., Adhish, V. S., Deoki, N. (2014). Although a singularity exists, they share a common goal- about people, and it covers the whole patients journey including the horizontal integration across the different levels of services and sector. Dr. Brown, J. and et al. (2009), Bismark, M. M., and et al. (2013), Gillam, S., & Siriwardena, A. N. (2013) and Blegen, N. E., & Severinsson, E. (2011).ResourcesBader, B. (2008). Distinguishing governance from management. Retrieved from http//www.canterbury.ac.nz/academicservices/documents/Academic%20Administration%20Workshops/Workshop%201/Distinguishing%20Governance%20from%20 circumspection%20-%20Workshop%201.pdfBerends, L. Crinall, K. (2014). Management and Practice in Health and Human services organisations. Victoria, AU Oxford University Press. p68.Berg, M., Black, G. (2014). A Canadian perspective on clinical govern ance. clinical Governance An International Journal, 19(4), 314-321. inside10.1108/CGIJ-10-2014-0031Bismark, M. M., Walter, S. J., Studdert, D. M. (2013). The role of boards in clinical governance activities and attitudes among members of public health service boards in Victoria. Australian Health Review, 37(5), 682-687. doi10.1071/AH13125Blegen, N. E., Severinsson, E. (2011). Leadership and management in kind health nursing. Journal of care for Management, 19(4), 487-497. doi10.1111/j.1365-2834.2011.01237.xBrennan, N. M., Flynn, M. A. (2013). Differentiating clinical governance, clinical management and clinical practice. Clinical Governance An international journal, 18(2), 114-131. doi10.1108/14777271311317909Curran, C., Totten, M. (2010). Expanding the role of nursing in health care governance. Nursing Economic, 28(1), 44-46.Day, G. E., Leggat, S. G. (2015). Leading and managing health services an Australian perspective. Port Melbourne, AU Cambridge University Press. p5.Dr. Brown, J. and etal. (2009). Ministerial task group in clinical leading in good hands transforming clinical governance in New Zealand. Retrieved from http//www.asms.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/In-Good-Hands-2009_151202.pdfGauld, R. Horsburgh, S. (2012). Clinical Governance Assessment Project Final Report on a National Health Professional Survey and Site Visits to 19 New Zealand DHBs. Dunedin Centre for Health Systems, University of Otago.Gillam, S., Siriwardena, A. N. (2013). Leadership and management for quality. Quality in Primary Care, 21(4), 253-259.Gottwald, M. Landsdown, G. E. (2014). Clinical Governance Improving the quality of healthcare for patients and service users. New York, NY Open University Press. p2.Gupte, A., Mclntosh, B., Sheppy, B. (2012). When two worlds collide Corporate and clinical governance. British Journal of Healthcare Management, 18(12), 619-620.Herd, G., Musaad, S., Herd, G., Musaad, S. A. (2015). Clinical governance and point-of-care testing at health provider level. New Zealand Medical Journal, 128(1417), 41-46.Kickbusch, I. Gleicher, D. (2017). Governance for health in the 21st century. Retrieved from http//www.euro.who.int/en/publications/abstracts/governance-for-health-in-the-21st-centuryKumar, S., Adhish, V. S., Deoki, N. (2014). Introduction to Strategic Management and Leadership for Health Professionals. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 39(1), 13-16. doi10.4103/0970-0218.126345Laouer, R. (2011). Physicians in management a case study of their role in the governance structures in the French hospital boardroom. International Journal of Clinical Leadership, 17(2), 103-109.Lau, R., Cross, W., Moss, C., Campbell, A., De Castro, M., Oxley, V. (2014). Leadership and management skills of general practice nurses Experience or education?. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 20(6), 655-661. doi10.1111/ijn.12228Marquis, B. Huston, C. (2012). Leadership roles and management functions in Nursing. Philadelphia, PA Lippincott Williams Wilkins.Ross, F., Smith, P., Byng, R., Christian, S., Allan, H., Price, L., Brearley, S. (2014). Learning from people with long-term conditions New insights for governance in primary healthcare. Health Social Care in The Community, 22(4), 405-416. doi10.1111/hsc.12097Scott, L., Caress, A. (2005). Shared governance and shared leadership Meeting the challenges of implementation. Journal of Nursing Management, 13(1), 4-12. doi10.1111/j.1365-2834.2004.00455.x